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Hello Redis

目前正在练习英文写作，待连载完成后再重写中文版

Install

  • Mac： 

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    brew install redis

  • Linux(ArchLinux): 

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    sudo pacman -Sy redis

# or

yay -Sy redis

  • Source:

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    # download source && decompress && enter into source code directory
$ wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.6.tar.gz
$ tar -zxf redis-6.2.6.tar.gz
$ cd redis-6.2.6

# make && install
$ make MALLOC=libc
$ make install PREFIX=/usr/redis    # maybe need root permission

# create link to global command directory
$ ln -s /usr/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/bin/redis-server
$ ln -s /usr/redis/bin/redis-cli /usr/local/bin/redis-cli

Usage

Redis need launch server end to open the redis server then manipulate it by the connection from redis client. Default port is 6379.

Redis 需要启动服务端开启 Redis 服务，然后通过客户端连接进行操作。默认端口为 「6379」。

  • launch server end 启动服务端： 

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    $ redis-server

  • launch server with config 指定配置文件启动服务端： 

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    $ redis-server ./custom-redis.conf

  • launch client end 启动客户端： 

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    $ redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379

localhost:6379> _
    It doesn't need to write host and port when the server and client be deployed on the same host.

    如果都在本机，则不需要填写主机和端口，默认就是 localhost:6379

  • launch client end with raw data: 

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    $ redis-cli --raw

  • 退出服务端：

  • 退出客户端： 

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    localhost:6379> exit

$ _

Redis

Redis is a KEY-VALUE cache middleware.

The KEY can be any binary data. Reids is binary secure. That is to say, you can use a string as a key, or use a JSON object, or even a picture as a key.

It has 5 basic types of VALUE: String, List, Set, Sorted Set(ZSet) and Hash.

Conception

Note

Database: The basic unit used to store data. Every database has a unique ID which start from 0 to 15, because the maximum number of database in default configuration file is 16. DB 0 is used by default.

Databases are isolated from each other. Where you execute command set name Boii in DB 0, you can't get it from other databases.

change database command: select <dbID>

clear all data from database: FLUSHDB, it will clear all data from current database.

clear all data from all database: FLUSHALL, it will clear all data from all database.

Manipulation with key

  • SET

    • Syntax: SET key value
    • Description: create a pair of key-value.
    • Return: OK if setting is successful.
    • Example: SET age 18, tips: the default type of value is String.

  • GET

    • Syntax: GET key
    • Description: get the value of the given key.
    • Return: value of the given key if success, otherwise nil.
    • Example: GET age

  • DEL

    • Syntax: DEL key [key ...]
    • Description: delete the pair of key-value from given keys. Ignore if key is not exists.
    • Return: the number of keys deleted.
    • Example: DEL name age bir

  • EXISTS

    • Syntax: EXISTS key [key ...]
    • Description: check whether the given keys is exists.
    • Return: 1 if the key or one of the given keys is exists, otherwise 0.
    • Example: EXISTS name

  • EXPIRE

    • Syntax: EXPIRE key seconds
    • Description: set the expire(unit: second) for the given key, the key will be delete when expired.
    • Return: 1 if setting is successful.
    • Example: EXPIRE age 5 means that the key age expiration time is set to 5 seconds later.

  • PEXPIRE

    • Syntax: PEXPIRE key microsecond
    • Description: same with the command EXPIRE but unit is microsecond.
    • Return: 1 if setting is successful.
    • Example: EXPIRE age 10000 means that the key age expiration time is set to 10000 microseconds (equal 10 second) later.

  • TTL

    • Syntax: TTL key
    • Description: count the remainder second of the given key's expiration.
    • Return: the remainder second of given key's expiration. -1 if the key is permanent, -2 if the key is not exists.
    • Example: TTL name

  • PTTL

    • Syntax: PTTL key
    • Description: same with the command TTL but unit is microsecond.
    • Return: the remainder microsecond of given key's expiration. -1 if the key is permanent, -2 if the key is not exists.
    • Example: PTTL age

  • KEYS

    • Syntax: KEYS pattern
    • Description: list all keys that matched the pattern.
    • Return: list of keys that matched the given pattern.
    • Example:
      • KEYS *: return all keys
      • KEYS h?llo: '?' match one character, this will return hello, hallo, hullo etc.
      • KEYS h*llo: '*' match 0 or any number of character, this will return hllo, hello, hallo, heeello etc.
      • KEYS h[ae]llo: '[]' restrict a range, this will return hello, hallo.

  • MOVE

    • Syntax: MOVE key dbID
    • Description: move the given key into indicated database.
    • Return: 1 if move successful.
    • Example: MOVE hello 2 means move the pair of key-value that key is hello into database 2.

  • RANDOMKEY

    • Syntax: RANDOMKEY
    • Description: return a key from current database randomly without delete.
    • Return: a key, nil if database if empty.
    • Example: RANDOMKEY

  • RENAME

    • Syntax: RENAME key newKey
    • Description: rename the given key to newKey.
    • Return: a error will be returned when the key is same the newKey or key is not exists, otherwise OK.
    • Example: RENAME hillo hello

  • TYPE

    • Syntax: TYPE key
    • Description: return the type of the given key.
    • Return:
      • none (key is not exists)
      • string
      • list
      • hash
      • set
      • zset

Manipulation with Redis

  • SELECT
  • FLUSHALL, FLUSHDB